Ugnetto
A narrow flat-edged hand chisel used primarily to cut grooves, leaving a recognizable flat-bottomed channel of approximately square section.
Italian Terms
Scapezzatore
A heavy, stout stone-working chisel with a broad blunt cutting edge, struck with a metal hammer for aggressive removal during roughing.
Macchinetta
The traditional three-point pointing machine used to reproduce a sculpture at 1:1 scale by transferring measured surface coordinates from a model to stone.
Comparatore di proporzione
A proportional measuring instrument used to transfer points from a model while enlarging or reducing them according to a constant geometric ratio.
Telaio di puntatura
A frame used to transfer measured points from a model to a marble copy, particularly for the enlargement of bas-relief.
Smodellatura
The stage in model-based marble carving that brings the roughed block toward the essential lines, major forms, dimensions, and proportions of the final sculpture through measured transfer from a model or bozzetto.
Capopunto
A principal reference point transferred from the model to an enlarged or copied sculpture; it establishes the fixed framework from which additional measured points are located.
Concolino
A small pointed hand tool, sometimes double-pointed, rotated by hand to make small holes in which precise reference points are marked during marble modeling.
Croce a T
A T-shaped support used with a pointing apparatus to establish three fixed reference points between a model and its stone copy.
Punciotto
A traditional steel plug-and-feather splitting set used to detach marble during roughing by driving a tapered wedge between two shaped metal feathers placed in drilled holes.