Anatomy

Brachium

Latin term for the upper arm — and, in cathedral architecture, the transept arm of a cruciform church.

Brachycephalic

Anthropological term for a broad, short skull type — relevant to sculptors analyzing head proportion and figural typology.

Callipyge

The Venus Callipyge — "beautiful-buttocked" — names both an epithet and the canonical Naples marble testing a sculptor's command of the turning figure.

Aesthetic Canon

A recognized system of ideal proportions or formal rules used to guide the representation of the human body, architecture, or another class of forms.

Anthropometry

The systematic measurement of the human body and its proportions.

Armature

An internal supporting framework used to carry clay, wax, plaster, or other modeling materials while a sculpture is being developed.