A flat-edged chisel used to refine planes, remove tooth-chisel marks, cut edges, and approach the final surface.
Scalpello piatto is a flat-edged stone-carving chisel used after coarser tools to refine planes, sharpen transitions, remove tool marks, and approach the intended surface.
In workshop speech, a non-toothed chisel may also be described informally as a scalpello liscio, literally a ‘smooth’ chisel, in contrast with the toothed gradina. Exact profiles and widths vary according to the work.
Etymology
Scalpello derives from Latin scalpellum, diminutive of scalprum, from scalpere, 'to carve or incise'; piatto means 'flat.'
Sculptor Notes
A critical tool for the clean surfaces and crisp transitions often associated with high-level Italian marble finishing. The flat chisel can clarify a plane but can also destroy a delicate edge if improperly directed. Cross-reference: Gradina; Spigolo vivo; Finitura.
References
https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/scalpello/ | https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/marmo_%28Enciclopedia-Italiana%29/