A two- or three-dimensional figure made to display or study anatomical structure.
A figure anatomique is a representation made to show anatomical structure and detail. For sculptors it may take the form of an écorché, anatomical model, relief, drawing, or study figure used to understand bones, muscles, proportions, and surface form.
Etymology
French: literally 'anatomical figure.'
References
https://www.pierres-info.fr/glossaire_sculpture/index.html